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Sustainable Battery Technologies for Modern Energy Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Residential, Automotive, and Industrial Applications

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Issue Abstract

Abstract

The world shift to decentralized energy and electrified mobility is becoming more and more limited by Legacy of the Lead-Acid Storage Infrastructures, which is not fully utilized to assure development growth because the yield of the Capital Economics (CapEx) is lower. Accordingly, the paper gives a techno-economic analysis of converting Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) in residential, automobile and industrial applications through a 10-year Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) model (LiFePO₄) breaks even financially in the residential business after four years due to a combination of high round trip energy efficiency (> 95% vs. 70%) and no electrolyte maintenance. The analysis helps to highlight a more basic change of operation in the high-rate charging capability of (LiFePO₄) (1C) on the 24-hour continuous operation of this vehicle on a battery-to-vehicle-weight ratio of 1:1, and does not necessitate the normal 2:2 or 3:1 lead charge requirement. Under the system the reduced all of the infrastructure is simplified in the form of in-inventory, even in batteries. Besides, LiFePO₄ faces economic volatility in the SLI (Automotive Motoring, Lighting and Ignition). It is worth noticing that mild weight costs cannot justify a cost of diff, which results in zero fuel cost-total savings benefits. Lead (auxiliary batteries + batteries) must not be sold under an overall price > 90 % of your market. In cases where both residential and industrial markets offer strong IPC benefits that are amenable to immediate acceptability, automotive SLI markets feature rigidity to impede infiltration in companion implementations or FULL fuel-efficient cars.

Keywords: Battery management systems (BMS), energy storage system (ESS), industrial electrification, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄), opportunity charging, total cost of ownership (TCO).

Author Information
R. Anwar Sadath Doctoral Research Scholar, Department of Management Studies, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli: Rajalingam, Professor, HOD, Department of Management Studies, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli.
Issue No
3
Volume No
12
Issue Publish Date
05 Mar 2026
Issue Pages
1-12

Issue References

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